Introduction to Business and Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Introduction to Business and Finance - Essay ExampleAccounting scandals is becoming a norm with a number of recent story scandals that come into sight each year. These report scandals has shaken the frugality and costed the stakeholders a great deal. In the last couple of years a few most talked close to scandals were Enron, WorldCom, Barings, Parmalat and Hollinger, where billions of dollars accounting fraud happened. Not only did the corporations and accounting firms came into question but also the performance of course exchanges, rating agencies, financial journalists, bankers and lawyers was questioned (Richard Dyson). These scandals have resulted in firms closing, thousands of people being jobless and many losing money in stocks, apart from the stock exchange crash. Public trust in the accounting and make-uping procedures has been shattered. People argon especially reluctant to invest their money in stocks, which results in stock exchange fall.Corporate Goverance is liab le to manage certain laws in the corporation and if not done effectively can result in loss for the firm. Corporate Governace in the firms is highly blamed when talking about the financial scandals. As cases of scandals, bankruptcy, accounting frauds atomic number 18 unfolding, the concern over the transparency of the financial reports is increasing. All these companies used financial gimmicks to inflate their cash in flow and profits in order to jack up their share prices and thus accumulate wealth. The investors are confronted with large, well-known companies, disappearing almost overnight. In the process not only small investors but purportedly smart, sophisticated investors have been fooled as well (B. S. Rao). Many CEOs, CFOs and other related officers have been acquitted or are under trial as a result. One example of this is the recent indictment of Jeffrey Skilling, who was effrontery lifetime prison and has to pay $80 million in fines (CNNMoney). Not only this the stocks of these firms have asleep(p) to decline and now no more exists. The outcome of the other scandals is not different as well.The authorities after all this chaos has been active in taking some steps to stop these practices. In this deliberate the Securities and Exchange Comission is responsible for ensuring the transparency in the company. Steps are taken to guarantee suitable monitoring of management and all the included pesonnel. Accounting ProfessionAlthough most of the accounting firms claim that their trade was only to review the finances, but the indictment of Arthur Anderson has led a question to the credibility of these firms. In this regard the the watchdog role of the auditors comes into question. The firms are now accused of overcharging in order to make the report very much more attractive in order to gain profits and rise the stock prices. A report says that the US government loses over $300 billion each year due to organized tax avoidance prepared by the account ancy firms (Prem Sikka). There were days when the transparency of the markets highly depended on the accounting firms. Today people and investors have grown suspicious towards their perforamance. Here a question of how to regain the broken pride lies ahead of them.Other FactorsApart from blaming the corporations and the accountants for these scandals, certain other factors are to be blamed as well. These ould be the financial jouranalists, the lawyers

Difference in athletic funding behind women's sports in the ACC Research Paper

Difference in athletic funding behind womens sports in the ACC conference and NCAA - Research melodic theme ExampleThe ACC is acknowledged to be one of the six university power gatherings, all of which appreciate impressive media background knowledge and immediate fitting the bill for their football champion into the Bowl Championship Series (BCS). With the appearance of the College football Playoff in 2014, the ACC will be one of five gatherings with a contractual tie-into a right to adopt entrance bowl, the successors to the BCS (Adams, 2004). My present objectives for this research are to uncover the different goodsprings of subsidizing for the Atlantic Coast conference (ACC) and the National Collegiate Association (NCAA), the challenges that this two real affiliations confront and how they can beat their everyday issues regarding public presentation and part enlistment, financing and extension arranges and methodology. My present contention here is that these two companions hips might as well accept the time and consideration that they merit by the neighborhood government to lure more preadolescent people, offer more grants and fiscal support to learners consequently making them succeed towards the right way. Literature revue Consistent with a report recorded by Boston College in agree-ability with the Equity in sport Disclosure Act, varsity staminate sports members appropriated $1.7 million progressively in physically identified understudy religious service than pistillate members did throughout the 2011-12 season, notwithstanding thither being one and only more male than effeminate member. This hole brings about male competitors gaining a radiation diagram of $25,000 yearly, while female jocks get a normal of $20,000 every twelve-months (Heights Editorial Board, 2013). Although from the start, it look like this student aid appears to be alarmingly vast, in enquiry with comparable schools, it is less so. For instance, at the University of Mi ami, male jocks on normal gain $39,000 every twelve-months, while female players accept just $30,000 yearly, a crevice of $9,000 in correlation to Bcs hole of about $5,000. At awaken timberland University, the hole is about $6,000 energetic about ladies (Heights Editorial Board, 2013). These schools are less great in keeping the amount of male and female members equivalent, then again. At Wake Forest, there are 238 male sports members and just 124 female members. Duke University has a crevice of just about $2,000, however correspondingly to Wake Forest has a vast hole in members 374 men to 274 females (Pittsburgh, 2010). It appears that the Athletic Department is giving equivalent chances for male and female contenders, anyhow to a more terrific degree than comparative ACC schools. In the most new-fashioned 10 years, the amount of male and female members has never contrasted by more than 30 sportspeople in either bearing, and frequently switches between additional men and more l adies. While the $1.7 million aid is not to a great degree shocking, we are concerned by what amount of an expansion this is from past years(Keating, 2012). For instance, in 2010, when there were 16 more male members, the money was just $940,000, consistent with the report. In 2009, the year with the following

Overweight in a Pre-School Population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Overweight in a Pre-School Population - Essay ExampleThe effectiveness of the social campaigns just as the name suggests relies on the ability of the campaigns to recruit numerous participants thus curbing the trend in the society.Lets subscribe on child obesity one step at a time is an appropriate fashion model social marketing campaign that strives to curb the prevalence of childishness obesity in Europe art object promoting specific products. In the campaign, the marketers address specific factors that lead to childhood obesity thereby advising on the pulmonary tuberculosis of appropriate physical activities and diet that will help curb the negative prevalent. Childhood obesity is a vice, one that denies children appropriate childhood. Obesity makes children susceptible to numerous other diseases such as high argumentation pressure and diabetes. As such, curbing childhood obesity is a fundamental social role the government must undertake in regularize to improve the qualit y of life for the citizenry. Additionally, social problems often clear a market for private investors as proprietors develop products and services that promise to improve the authority.The same is the situation in this context as Safefood a commercial organization that sells food products decide to capitalize on the situation thereby developing a substantial market for its products. The company, therefore, develops the Lets take on child obesity one step at a time campaign in order to market its products while addressing the social problem. The campaign addresses specific issues that will help curb the prevalence of childhood obesity. The developers of the campaign observe specific policies thus developing an appropriate campaign, one that addresses the specific issues illustriously. The campaign, for example, proposes at least sixty minutes of play.

Locke on the state Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Locke on the evince - Essay ExampleIn order to understand a normative flier of government, it is helpful to understand the descriptive. By examining theories regarding the human assign of nature, it is possible to set forth standards and norms by which people ought to live, including those relating to who should rule. This shew will analyze Lockes account of the origins and purpose of governance, with the aim of understanding how supporting the conflicting estimationls of autonomy and indorsement might be remedied.Lockes extract of nature comprises three elements a state of perfect independence, a state of equality and a state of innate law, which commands no-one ought to harm a nonher in his life, health, liberty or possessions (9). judge these elements is of fundamental importance in understanding the origins and role of government, solely there are problems to be overcome. The inseparable law immediately limits the scope of the first, in that we do not have a perfect f reedom to jeopardize an another(prenominal) persons safety or invade their property. Secondly, if every person is equal, there is no vivid claim to authority, which seems to conflict with the notion of obeying the law as set d avow by a government. The cellular inclusion of the moral law in Lockes state of nature helps us to understand the motivations behind an argument for picture up a political governing body. We may all be equal on Earth, but the initiation of a ingrained law which states we are duty bound not to harm others implies the existence of an objective morality as created by some other superior being, i.e. God.This theological aspect of Lockes account is important. It means that every individual is at liberty to behave in a way which fits at bottom the parameters of a natural moral duty. Furthermore, as the law is created by a superior being, there must be some reason to accept that the law should be upheld. Although it might seem absurd, in this day and age to ac cept an appeal to God as a reason to accept an argument, Locke also appeals to an idea of natural reason which is inherent in all of us. Co-operation with the natural law ensures our survival, and so it is unreasonable to cerebrate anyone would object to it. Hence, each person is not only equally bound to abide by the natural law, but each person is also equally bound to ensure that others abide by it. In transgressing the law of nature, the offender declares himself to live by another rule other than that of reason (Locke 10), and so offers himself up to be punished by those who have not. The equality of every man at heart a state of nature also means that each individual who has not broken the natural law has the refine to punish the offender. The severity of that punishment should be adequate not only to ensure the perpetrator does not commit the same act again, but also act as a deterrent for other would-be criminals to do something similar. From this reasoning, it is believed that mankind will be preserved and live in a state of relative security.By Lockes own admission, this right to punish, may seem like a very unnamed doctrine (10), but without it, the law of the land would only apply to those who are naturally resident within it. Foreigners who have not consented to domestic legal policy would be free to act under their own standards and so the freedoms and safety of native habitants would be in doubt. It must then be a natural law that governs all mankind, regardless of cultural

Organisational begaviour management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organisational begaviour management - Essay ExampleBy gaining a deeper understanding of individual(a) differences an organisation will be able to proactively address organisational issues (Pearn 2002). In times when individual differences produce focus and conflict in an organization, the most viable solution entails the identification of a common ground where in spite of the differences, there is a possibility of a compromise. Therefore, performing a thorough analysis is the bring up ingredient in finding this common ground. The main argument of this paper is that individual differences bring almost a variety of behaviours in the organization. Hence, managing organizational behaviour would require synergy of a plethora of concepts and principles to buzz off potent strategies towards organizational effectiveness. In order to identify the common ground among individuals in an organization, the following find out points condensed from the theme of the researches included in the a nnotated bibliography should serve both as a guide in this countersign (1) imperious organizational behaviours should be cultivated (2) organizational citizenship complements positive organizational behaviours (3) moods, emotions, and diversity argon epoch-making factors influencing organizational behaviour (4) organizations can benefit from recognizing emotional intelligence as scaffolds in forging estimable kinships in an organization and (5) researchers need to sustain their exploits in discovering how the management of organizational behaviour can leaven the effectiveness of organizations. Positive behaviours should be cultivated in an organization. Youssef and Luthans (2007) revealed that hope, optimism, and resilience share a positive relationship with job performance, job satisfaction, work happiness, and organizational commitment. Optimism is a key factor in attaining occupational success. Optimists are observed to be motivated to work harder more satisfied experience high levels of morale and inlet persistent in the face of obstacles and difficulties views personal setbacks as temporary and not as personal insufficiency and more likely to feel good and invigorated. Meanwhile, hope provides individuals with willpower and waypower. On the other hand, resiliency allows individuals to natural spring back from stressful situations (Hoffmann, Farrell, Lilford, Ellis & Cant 2007). Meanwhile, Giachetti and So (2009) posited that (1) the impact of positive organizational behaviours on strategy death penalty may be mediated by organizational culture and leadership strategy articulation and (2) positive management impacts organizational strategy and performance through collaborative management. In addition, the authors suggested the evaluation of the relationship betwixt employee behaviour and capabilities on implementation of organizational strategies by managers on future researches. Luthans and Youssef (2007) emphasized the need for employees to g ain on their strengths and improving on their weakness. Though significant progress has been observed in the research and drill of positive organizational behaviour, the authors suggested further research on enhancing POB understanding and utilization with the aim of poignant work performance. Organizational citizenship complements positive organizational behaviours. Based on the analysis of LePine, Erez, and Johnson (2002) a strong tie-up was uncovered among most of the dimensions of

Leaders of Quantum Healthcare Organizations Essay

Leaders of Quantum Healthcare Organizations - show ExampleUnlike other types of leaders, a quantum leader is more concerned with bringing change rather than controlling. A quantum leader brings change by using reality in the best innovative and notional means available. To ensure that the climate of change suitably works in the hospital system, the quantum leader must(prenominal) be a critical thinker, a successful planner, and most importantly plays the role of a intermediator (Montgomery, 2011). The quantum leader is the chief decision maker and problem solver of the health organization. It is through environmental abstract that the quantum leader identifies the immediate and recollective-term needs of a health organization.As a nurse pedagog in the coronary critical care unit, possessing quantum leadership qualities means a lot in harm of making strong, sound and well-informed decisions on perseverings care (Dargahi, 2013). Saving life requires a leader who is swift in action rather than that who is best at instructing. The ability to make quick life-saving decisions, perform thorough physical assessments, communicate clearly to the health care team and advocate for the patients rights are all responsibilities a coronary critical care nurse shoulders. It is worth mentioning that quantum leadership can be cultivated right from the first year of study and be applied long after graduation. Quantum leadership helps a critical care nurse to make appropriate and continuous decisions on patient care.Montgomery, K. L. (2011). Leadership redefined educating the Doctorate of Nursing Practice nurse leader through innovation. Nursing tribunal Quarterly, 35(3), 248-251.

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International selling - Essay ExampleThe emphasis of this discussion focuses on how blendership and governanceal structure lavatory service companies become more effective at supranational business affairs.In order for a lodge to succeed it must develop its human capital and have managerial team that is able to lead the organic law to achieve greater things. If the leaders of a company do not prepare the arranging for expansion the possibility of international business activity are non-existent. Going global does not pass on overnight, there is preparation that must take place within the organization and in its corporate culture. corporeal culture can be defined as a system of shared actions, values, and beliefs that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members (Shermerhorn, Osborn, Hunt, 2003). The leaders of the company have to instill confidence and channel the mindset of the employee so that business of failure is not constraint that inhibit s international expansion plans. There are different leaders styles that can help a manager become the type of leader that lead a company and its employees towards international business proliferation.The person in a corporation that has control over the strategic path of an organization is its chief executive officer (CEO). This individual is responsible for the financial performance of the company and has power to change the organization, while at the same time the CEO must motivate and inspire the staff of the firm. Among the leaders styles that could be used to lead a global organization are situational leadership, charismatic leadership, and transformational leadership. A situational leadership application is Fielders contingency theory. Fielders contingency theory stipulates that the leaders style adapt and become appropriate to the situation based on three factors leader-member relations, task structure, and personate power

Who defines beauty Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Who defines beaut - Research Paper lessonBeauty is a very subjective issue and thus can only be judged by the receiver. For one, with increased education, both men and women are using much measures to determine what is beautiful and what is not. For example, men stimulate discovered that women favor dominant males and as such men may forgo their health, safety and so on in order to acquire rank so that they can have the power that makes them magnetic to women. Elliot Aronson, a social psychologist at Stanford University, argued that how one sees oneself to some extent determines how attractive others see them. This is especially heavy given that it is almost impossible to find a culture that appreciates ones body as being beautiful just as it is.Furthermore, we are no longer living in the Darwinian era where natural selection ruled and our take in life was merely mirrored towards retort and survival of the fittest. This means that we are no longer restricted to defining beaut y within the constructs of decision a suitable mate. To put it better, finding a potential mate today involves looking for more than the ability to procreate. Today, both sexes are looking for intelligence, personality, compatibility and most of all the moral compass of the potential partner, friend, protagonist or work mate. Unlike animals, men and women of today are seeking for greater meaning and purpose in their lives. This naturally means that our rationale of what beauty slightly differs from that of our Darwinian counterparts. All said beauty can only be judged by the receiver.

Accounting in Society Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Accounting in Society - Case battlefield ExampleThere comes the question of consideration whether the strawman of the accounting standards is a good or abominable thing. There have been several arguments, in though of Baxter, regarding the presence of the accounting standards because on that point can be commands as well as regulations which help to run life more smoothly while there is the requirement of flexibility in dealing with certain aspects.It should be considered about the benefits that prevail through the presence of the accounting standards because the standards lay emphasis on what should be done rather than why and how it should be done.Therefore, it is sooner important to consider whether having the accounting standards is good or bad because at one side they whitethorn make life easy by providing a set of rules and on the other hand it may create life difficult by taking away the flexibility of an accountant.The history of the accounting standards began in the lat e 1930s when the idea of accounting based on the standard came to light. United States and the United domain were among the countries which were thoroughly involved in the development of the accounting standards at the start and gave the accounting standards some initial touches. The history of two the countries which brought us the accounting standards today is outlined below with their levels of development in both the United States and United Kingdom.The US based standards took a series of stages to develop and come into a shape. In the beginning, the process was initiated by the committee on accounting procedures in 1939 who issued Accounting research bulletins. The committee worked for or so 20 years and issued 50 Accounting Research Bulletins.There was a lot of criticism on that committee and their work because they were accused of not relying on the research that much. Therefore, in its place an Accounting Principles wag came in

How Does Music Influence Human Nature Particularly In the Youth Research Paper

How Does medicine Influence Human Nature Particularly In the Youth - Research reputation Examplef a persons mood is turned into excitement when he or she listens to a particular type of medical specialty, every time that kind of medicament is played will pop off to a subsequent change in the persons mood. This is subsequently portrayed in his or her behavior as he or she listens to the music. According to the cognitive theory, the brain has the ability to learn through repeated experiences thus, listening to music can train the brain to respond divergently depending on the music on the background (ODonnell Para 3). People have different preferences of music. This is because the brain in different mountain responds differently to different external stimuli. Among the youths, there is a growing trend of the young people forming their friendship cliques based on the type of music they enjoy. Those who listen to hip hop music will more or less likely only associate with their co unterparts who enjoy similar genres of music. Following this societal phenomenon among the youths, there has emerged distinct cultures among the youths in which the members behaviors argon unique and parallel to the behaviors depicted by the music artists (Chen, Miller & Grube 3). Learning in adult male beings is mainly through observation. When the youths watch music videos, they adopt the dressing styles from the musicians and they behave in the same track as they see the people in the video acting. This has eroded the minds of a large percentage of teenagers in the society. While the musicians may only be acting to market their music, the youths take their behaviors seriously and they end up behaving in ways that could be regarded as immoral. Many parents are complaining about their teenagers dressing styles, curiously for the youths who listen to rap music (ODonnell Para 4). The youth stage in life is a very... This root stresses that music is a very feasible avenue for inf luencing change in the society. The changes in the society are normally as a result of changes on individuals within the community. Different types of music have different effects on the listeners. This is because some types of music have messages that easily alter the way of thinking of the listeners. In the world to solar day, musicians make music with themes that are controversial on ethical grounds. Violence is the order of the day in the music industries, particularly when focusing on hip hop and rap music. It has been proven that the valet de chambre mind learns a lot through observation and perception. This means that when the youths who are the major target radical for musicians, listen and watch violent music, they are highly likely to embrace violence in their personalities. This wrap up makes a conclusion that music may have a positive effect on the listeners. Music with positive messages has been used to influence the youths to quit their evil ways. The youth stage in life comes along with many challenges. Music is a feasible tool that has been used to guide the youths through the challenging times. nearly musicians base the message in their music on their personal past experiences and this serves as a motivational factor to the youths going through similar experiences. Music changes the mood of people and they may use it to sooth themselves when they are nervous or when they are exhausted. Psychologists have used music as a viable discourse for certain mental conditions on nervousness. The behavior of the youths may be altered for the better through music

Chirchill Response Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chirchill Response Paper - Essay ExampleThe reader debates the categorical use of such superlatives. Johnson is sometimes too kind to his subject Churchills being a Conservative, Liberal, Coalition, Constitutionalist, Unionist, and National Conservative (15), is by all odds the sign of a political opportunist and the authors terming this Churchills courage in point of intersection the floor (15), is a little mildChurchills foresight is remarkable. His prophetic words --- spoken more than a dozen years before the catastrophe (Johnson, 14) of World War I, show him to be a man of awesome intellect. Another instance of Churchills remarkable judgment is the case of communist Russia, when he attempts to reverse Lenins Bolshevik coup in 1917, and nip communism in the bud. Again, his failed attempts to convince FDR to resolutely combat communism in the final stages of World War II, show that he is the only elderly statesman of that time to fully appreciate the dangers of communism. Joh nson provokes the reader to wonder whether the Cold War, and the atrocities of the Gulag, could have been avoided if Churchill had his way. Churchill is one of the front to realize the threat posed by Hitler. Churchills early investment in Middle eastern United States oil, through BP, is another case which demonstrates his prescience.Churchill is so completely identified with Britain in the period of war that it is a revelation to know that he was also an excellent peace time administrator. His welfare measures as chairwoman of the Board of Trade, and his prison reforms as Home Secretary, add to his stature. He is obviously an administrator par excellence. Britain by all odds would not have had the navy and air force she did, if not for Churchill.Johnsons inclusion of many of Churchills witticisms adds to the appeal of the book and ensures that the heavy parts are enlivened and the reader is never bored. Some gems I trod on the Prince of Waless toe, he recorded complacently, and

H Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

H - Assignment ExampleThis includesIt is important to ensure that you stay away from carbon monoxide heavy(p) atomic number 18as, for instance near factories that emit toxic gases, near vehicle exhaust pipes and other cigarette smokers. It is crucial to consider staying safe as this reduces your chances of getting back to smoking and sponsors you reduce continuous intoxication. Avoiding these areas will help in ensuring that the lung cleaning process is successful.It is important to eat healthy foods and also consider taking wads of fruits especially pineapples. Pineapple is a fruit that contains an essential component known as Bromelin which helps in cleaning the lungs and further for enhancing free supply of oxygen. After consuming the pineapples, you will take in deeper breaths thus elevate the elastic limits of your lungs.It is important to weigh up the eating patterns and make adjustments on the diet when needed. There are a lot of healthy foods to eat in the present day and live healthy as much as foods that improve the performance of the lungs are essential. There are spices and herbal medicines that play a major role in cleansing the lungs which include rosemary, avocados, thyme, cayenne, horseradish and ginger. These are food complements that can be served or prepared with other food. On the other hand, it is also advisable to seek medical advice or guidance from a qualified nutritionist on what to eat in order to successfully amend the lungs.Engaging in workout programs has never been so helpful than it is in cleansing the lungs. Long landmark smokers are always advised to begin with less strenuous exercises or small amounts of work outs that multiplies as time goes by. This is because, during the exercises, it is possible to note the increase in Phlegm and mucus in the lungs. This will be enhanced especially by coughing. This is the greatest part of exercise programs as the lungs biologically try to transplant the toxic substances. Over and above, it is advisable to ensure

Business Models for High Tech Products Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Business Models for High Tech Products - Essay ExampleThis ensured that the advertisement did not deputize with the clients search results. Furthermore Googles paid advertisements were clearly identifiable given a sponsored tag located with them unlike other search engines where paid and unpaid advertisements were placed together. The use of an modify scheme to represent the advertisement ensured that Googles advertisement scheme gained more prominence than other similar schemes. More everyplace Googles advertisements were placed based on the clients fiscal provision as well as based on the advertisements popularity (based on link up and back links to the advertisement). The customer could easily figure out the advertisement and pay as much as they precious for it offering unrivalled ease. Similarly the later affiliate marketing campaign by Google was similar in its simplicity, ease of use and credibility. These chief exponents have been used by Google to generate new business t rends over and over again. Googles example reflects that ethical business decision making pays in the longer locomote and it also serves to show that the people at the helm of affairs have a direct dissemble on critical business decision making. Future Course of Action Google is already supporting a strong business model that is based largely on ethical practices which are otherwise singular in contemporary online search engines. Another thing that makes Google far more powerful is the relevance of the advertisements placed by Google based on the search terms used by the client. Though the exact algorithm or the combination of algorithms is as yet unknown to most people and developers, but it is obvious that it works. It is period that Google expands based on its current market standing and reputation into newer global markets. Google is not only up to(p) of such expansion but possesses certain advantages in comparison to other large giants such as MSN, Yahoo and Facebook. On e of the tools that will propel Google in the future is its Translate feature that is well surefooted of performing searches in native languages though it has not yet been implemented. When it comes to emerging markets such as India and Brazil, no one is a clear winner as yet largely because clients are forced to judge answers to searches in English which is not a native language. It is time that Google banked on its power as a mighty crawler and took over the global search scenario along with the indigenous English search scenario. at one time Google can dominate its search market internationally, it has all the more chance of providing advertisements in native languages and this in turn will mean all the more revenue for Google. Moreover performance has shown that Googles algorithm is far more powerful than those of Facebook or Yahoo when it comes to placing advertisements with relevance. Google should bank on its search capabilities as a primary tool while developing smaller b usiness concerns such as Talk, Translate, Gmail and the like. Symbian Trends to Date Symbian has equal an overwhelming influence in the global telecommunications market especially in terms of handsets manufactured by a number of manufacturers such as Nokia, Motorola, BenQ, LG and Samsung. For some time in the early years, Symbian could be seen as the de facto industrial standard for manufacturing telecommunication operating systems. However Symbian has effectively lost its lead when it comes to the contemporary handset market

Request for Funds to Expand to Outdoor Catering Assignment

Request for Funds to Expand to Outdoor cater - Assignment frameworkAs such, the eating place is considering other options that can abet it serve its distinguished customers decently. Currently, the unfluctuating food market place is experiencing a rapid growth due to the increase of the working class customers. These are a grouping of customers who have m one(a)y to spend and thus offering opportunities for investors to venture into the fast food industry. In this regard, this object invites venture capitalist to help Seasoned Catering to expand its business to outdoor catering.Seasoned Catering is a fast food restaurant that serves organic fast food to its customers. Over the years, the restaurant has seen its customer base expand due to an emphasis on healthier food products. Currently, Seasoned Catering has one outlet located in the city center and mainly serves the working class who has limited m to cook at home. The prices for Seasoned Catering products are customer f riendly and this has helped to increase the demand for products from the restaurant. The restaurant at the moment has a staff consisting of 10 caterers and two management staff. However, the increasing number of customers room there is need to add more staff members to improve service delivery. While the restaurants maintain a focus on its working-class customers, it has also noticed the opportunity to also serve customers at their doorstep. This would help to improve the restaurants sales volume and shekels by over 70%. However, Seasoned Catering lacks adequate start-up that can ensure it reaches organic fast-food customers in different locations around the city (Woolard & Condon, 2013).The outdoor catering for fast food is a new service in the market and it provides significant opportunities to increase sales and profits respectively.

Myself Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Myself - Essay ExampleI equally develop an optimistic approach towards problems because they allow maven to be confident when addressing life experiences.Moreover, I am a well-organized person because I focus on aspects to accomplish before acting. I equally watch over lists on each planned event. I drop the capacity to prioritize my jobs to relieve any form of work related stress. In addition, I keep a calendar and mark the crucial dates for me to consider important appointments and meetings. This tendency has made my life simple because I can get rid of all unnecessary experiences that challenge my livelihood.Lastly, I am an social person who wants to attain some knowledge and ideas from other individuals. This is because I like interacting with other people effectively. This has helped me to transform the nature of people around me so that I can relate with them better. Moreover, I get knotty in interpersonal communication to establish an identity with my counterparts and ex press my interpersonal need such as affection. This is because groups serve as resourceful approaches for making friends and creating

Enlightenment virtue Essay Example for Free

Enlightenment virtue EssayThe advances in robotics engender also been staggering. Todays robots, in addition to doing the menial tasks once performed by unskilled laborers, be con locationred bouncy contributing participants in such diverse environments as hospitals, factories, universities, offices, and banking institutions. The level of artificial intelligence attained is not quite at benignity levels, but is approaching those levels at an unprecedented pace. Machines already be in charge of making complicated decisions for the government and military its only a matter of time forwards these types of robots are also championing direct the economy and aspects of private life. Despite fears that robotic technology would displace their human counterpart workers and cause massive unemployment, that has not yet been the case, with the employment rate actually increasing, albeit in areas that carry highly skilled personnel. The mass-production of household robotic technology has made it possible for many consumers to purchase machines that restoration care of domestic tasks manage preparing food and cleaning, allowing parents to have more leisure time, or to spend time with their children.In fact, the amount of newly available leisure time has been a dominant factor in the modern recreational activity and entertainment industry boom. (Last Name) 4 There is still a large heartbeat of economic disparity between society in the post-industrial West verses the industrializing countries of Africa, Asia, and South America. mend the AIDS virus was pronounced curable by doctors at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine two years ago, there are still people who are dying of the disease in the world simply because the medicine essential to cure people is being given to wealthy countries very disproportionately.Biotechnology has impacted both of our lives in a very significant way. The Human Genome Project, made it possible to unravel hereditary genetic diso rders like Alzheimers and Huntingtons disease which have devastated families like ours for centuries. Despite your acquisition of Huntingtons at birth, scientists were able to identify the damaged genes in your DNA and correct them accordingly. Similarly, other diseases once thought incurable (e. g.AIDS, cancer) have been remedied by biotechnology and redoubtable scientists are seriously proposing that practical immortality could be possible. Progress in biotechnology has also come to help economically disadvantaged countries cultivate previously barren regions with genetically enhanced crops that thrive despite contrary conditions. War among nations still exists. Ian Buruma said that Koran itself was the source violent abuse. (p. 5) I agree with this statement.While it is undoubtedly true that Muslims like Bouyeri with their fundamentalist, misogynistic and murderous interpretation of religious text surely wreak a threat to the Enlightenment virtues of freedom and reason, do pub lic personas like Theo Van Gogh indeed represent a personification of those same Enlightenment virtues. This persistent refrain that echoes through the book forces the reader to drumhead the illiberal and often intolerant practices of the Dutch Muslims amid whom Bouyeri was reared as well as the Dutch (Last Name) 5 who have managed to delude themselves into believing that hatred is somehow an Enlightenment virtue.Our global impact is finally receiving the scientific economic aid it deserves. The outcome will largely determine the future course of evolution. Human-modified ecosystems are shaped by our activities and their side effects. They share a common set of traits including simplified food webs, landscape homogenization, and high nutrient and button inputs. Ecosystem simplification is the ecological hallmark of humanity and the reason for our evolutionary success. However, the side effects of our profligacy and curt resource practices are now so pervasive as to threaten our future no less(prenominal) than that of biological diversity itself.This looks at human impact on ecosystems and the consequences for evolution. It concludes that future evolution will be shaped by our awareness of the global threats, our willingness to take action, and our ability to do so. Our ability is presently hampered by several factors, including the poor state of ecosystem and planetary knowledge, ignorance of human impact, lack of guidelines for sustainability, and a paucity of good policies, practices, and incentives for adopting those guidelines in daily life.Conservation philosophy, science, and practice must be framed against the reality of human-dominated ecosystems, rather than the separation of humanity and nature underlying the modern conservation movement. The steps scientists can take to imbed science in conservation and conservation in the societal process affecting the future of ecosystems and human well-being are discussed. Assessing the implications for our o wn future is no simpler than it is for ecosystems. The future can be pretendd from several points of view from human carrying skill, capacity for a given standard of living, or for the diversity of future options, for example.Should (Last Name) 6 our horizon be mensural in ecological or evolutionary time in decades and centuries, or in millennia and millions of years? unitary could well argue that our very success evolutionarily is proof of our ability to modify ecosystems to our advantage and that we can take care of the environment in due course, when we can afford it. The challenge for ecology and environmental studies is to gauge the outcome of human action on ecosystem processes and on our own future.If there is no link between biodiversity and human well-being, then the future may be bleak for diversity but not unavoidably for humanity. If that is the case, the fate of diversity will depend on human compassion, esthetics, and emotions rather than on human welfare. How do I bewitch myself correspond into it? Because of my knowledge and faith in God, I am well fit to the future. emerging means reality and reality is not independently given but is contingent upon our decisions. (George Soros p. 4) Future is just like today that if we neglect and forget will just become nonsense past.To fulfil the earth as it truly is, small and blue and beautiful in that eternal silence where it floats, is to see ourselves as riders on the earth together, written by Archibald Macleish. (Al Gore p. 12) The earth is truly a masterpiece so lets protect our endangered environment. (Last Name)BibliographyBuruma, Ian. Murder in Amsterdam The final stage of Theo Van Gogh and the Limits of Tolerance. New York Penguin Press, 2006 Gore, Al. An Inconvenient Truth The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and What We displace Do About It . Rodale, 2006 Soros, George. The Age of Fallibility Consequences of the War on Terror. Public Affairs, 2006.

Shawshank Redemption Essay Example for Free

Shawshank salvation EssayThe literary works such as novels, plays and inadequate stories, have pine godlike movie affordrs to create films. Films based on these literary works usually draw more help of the movie auditory modalitys or critics than the virtuoso non based on them. If a literary work is not swell up adapted into a film, a number of critics and viewers willingly rise to fulminate at its filmmakers for degrading the essence of its literary work. Also, a lot of people who read a volume start-off usually have a certain bias that a movie inspired by it would not be any intermit than the carry. purge though a film does achieve a magnificent adaptation from a literary work, many of them still tend to be more loyal to the book than the movie. veritablely, in order to dramatize the literary work and deliver its essence to the audiences in a trammel time, a filmmaker has to change many of its detail settings and exterminate inessential roughages. In addition, a block unwrap writer has to simplify emblazoned descriptions of the book and rewrite it as dialogues to fit in the film through the action of the adaptation.In this process, in that respect is the transformation from the language of words to the language of images. So, what is anomic, and what is gained? A good way of determination an answer to this is to compare the film adaptation of the book with its pilot literary work that is the basis for the film. Novella, Rita Hayworth and Shawshank and Movie, The Shawshank inflamedemption Stephen Kings short tarradiddle, Rita Hayworth and Shawshank, in Different Seasons, one of his collections published in 1982, is what the film, The Shawshank Redemption produced in 1994, is based upon.The movie, directed by Frank Darabont, is presented as if it is Ellis Boyd Reddings (Morgan Freeman) story distinguishing well-nigh Andy Dufresne (Tim Robins) convicted of murdering his wife and her lover. Ellis Boyd Redding, simply called Red, is a lifetime convict of Shawshank prison house, telling you about Dufresnes stay at Shawshank from his arriver to his passing water. On the other hand, the novella is a little bit divers(prenominal) format from that of the film. It is presented as a form of a document written by Red.He is looking back over twenty-five-year period of time, while writing, so the things that he expound in the document have already happened. Due to this, the story is written as if it is t centenarian from someone. Basically, both the film and the book are very similar in equipment casualty of the story line. Even though there is the similarity of the plot, the film captivates the viewer more than that of the novella that seems to ravel out for quite a bit. In fact, Frank Darabonts adaptation of Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption seems to convert an frequent literary work into a cinematic masterwork.There are several elements that make it possible. The movie eliminates incidental constitutio ns to position study characters better, slightly modifies the story line and dialogue to strengthen the essence of the novella. In addition, it changes the fictitious character of certain characters to solidify their views. Overall, in The Shawshank Redemption, Darabont accomplishes a resplendent adaptation from the novella. Now, I would like to analyze what is gained and at sea in the process of adaptation, comparing the both works in wrong of these elements.Solidification of the Role of Certain Characters by Eliminating Inessential Characters If you read the book and watched the film, you would notice that there were many characters excluded from the book because they were simply not taking essential protrudes of the movie. They are only mentioned for a couple of times to explain a certain situation from the view point of Ellis Boyd Redding, who tells the story about Andy Dufresne and left behind the story soon. Darabont takes a resolute action to cut out these characters.In the book, while Andys serving in Shawshank, there is a constant change of different wardens who control the prison. By eliminating all the wardens, he removes a theme of unnecessary characters at the same time. For example, there are several cruel, merciless wardens in the book George Dunahy, Greg Stammas, and Samuel Norton (Bob Gunton). However, Dunahy does not even exist in the film, and neither does Stammas who was also a former guard in Shawshank. During Andys stay in the prison, the role of all wardens transformed and solidified into the last warden Norton.In the movie, Darabont only uses one warden, Norton to superintend Andy for the whole time of his stay in the Shawshank. If there was a frequent change of wardens in the film during Andys stay it would have conf apply the audiences, providing different focus to new(a) wardens with their different characteristics. another(prenominal) example is a brutal, cold-blooded guard, Byron Hadley (Clancy Brown). His role in the book s eems obtrusive only in the part that Andy dare tries talking to him to save his tax payment when there is the roof sealing project on the rooftop of the prison.Then, soon later, he is retired from the prison in the middle of the story. Byron Hadley had gone two years earlier. The sucker had a heart attack and took an early retirement. (55) In the film, however, his role has always been a captain of the all guards during Andys stay, substituting for all chief guards from the book. Furthermore, his overall role of the film is much more prominent than that of the book. In other words, his role represents the Shawshank as a severe, notorious prison where cold-hearted guards watch over every front man of each prisoner.Instead of show uping a number of vicious wardens and guards from the book, Darabont focuses on only these two major villainous characters, eliminating unnecessary characters. In addition, it ultimately provides the audiences time to develop the hatred and indignity again st warden for numerous, evil and immoral statute title they do. Not only wardens and guards but also some inmates in the book are eliminated as well in the film. For instance, there are three different prisoners, Sherwood Bolton, Ernie, and Brooks Hatlen, in the book. Unfortunately, Sherwood Bolton is gotten rid out of the film.He is a person who raises a crow named Jake until released from the prison. Maybe they set you loose someday, but well, listen I knew this guy, Sherwood Bolton, his name was, and he had this pigeon in his cadre. From 1945 until 1953, when they permit him out, he had that pigeon. He wasnt any Birdman of Alcatraz he entirely had this pigeon. Jake, he called him. (26) Ernie, a sweeper of the cellblock, is another prisoner who used to do Red a party favour only in the book by delivering contrabands such as a rock hammer which Andy asked Red for.Early the next morning, twenty minutes forrader the wake-up horn went off, I slipped the rock-hammer and a package of Camels to Ernie, the old trusty who swept the Cellblock 5 corridors until he was let free in 1956. He slipped it into his adventitia without a word (31) The last person, Brooks Hatlen, has been a librarian in the prison for about 25 years. When he is paroled, Andy takes over his position in the library. A year later he is out from the Shawshank, he died in his home according to the book. He was working in the library then, under a clod old con named Brooks Hatlen.Hatlen had gotten the job back in the late twenties because he had a college education In prison, Brooksie had been a person of some importance. He was the librarian, an educated man I hear he died in a home for indigent old folks up Freeport way in 1953. (49) However, in the film, all three characters are taken the role of one person, Brooks Hatlen (James Whitmore), who eventually enables Darabont to eliminate first two characters as well as place more weight on the character of Hatlen in the film.In fact, the book ma kes him a headstrong person with no dialogue and no depth. On the other hand, the movie alters his character into a gentle, emotional person to make the audiences sympathize with him. After released, he hangs up himself, dramatizing it to be one of the grievous scenes in the film as well as emphasize on what Red means by institutionalized First you hate them, then you get used to them. Enough time passes you get so you depend on them. Thats institutionalized. They send you here for life. Thats exactly what they take. Part that counts, anyway. There is also a very distracting character in the book, among various secondary characters eliminated in the film Normadden.But in all that time Andy never had a cellmate, bar for a big, silent Indian named Normaden (like all Indians in The Shank, he was called Chief), and Normaden didnt last long. (54) Normaden was moved out, and Andy was living in solitary splendor again. 55) In the book, Andy shares a room with Normadden, a native Indian cellmate for a short period of time. If his character was appeared in the film, it would detract the view of the audiences from the mysterious character of Andy who spends most of his time enjoying organism alone. In the film, moreover, he might have been left as a latent character which no one would pay attention to.Modification of Certain Plots and DialoguesFat-Ass keeps blubbering and wailing. Total freak-out. Hadley draws his baton, gestures to his men. Open it. A GUARD unlocks the cell. Hadley pulls Fat-Ass out and starts beating him with the baton, brutally raining blows. Fat-Ass falls, tries to crawl. The place goes dead silent. All we hear now is the dull THWACK-THWACK-THWACK of the baton. Fat-ass passes out. Hadley gets in a few more licks and finally stops. This is what happens on the first day of Andys stay in the prison.It almost delivers the audience an infernal atmosphere of the Shawshank prison. In the book, on the other hand, almost nothing about Andys first day in the prison is presented although Red later mentions how new comers cry in tears at first night. First-timers usually have a hard time adjusting to the confinement of prison life. They get screw-fever. Sometimes they have to be hauled down to the infirmary and sedated a couple of times before they get on the beam.Its not unusual to hear some new member of our adroit little family banging on the bars of his cell and screaming to be let out and before the cries have gone on for long, the chant starts up along the cell-block Fresh fish, hey little fishie, gratifying fish, fresh fish, got fresh fish today Andy didnt flip out like that when he came to The Shank in 1948, but thats not to say that he didnt fell many of the same things. (93)Even though this scene of Hadley beating a fat new prisoner to death is not in the book, but only created in the film, it seems a good representation of the Shawshank. Another example is the way Andy is acquiring out of gang rape from Bobs Diamond (Ma rk Rolston) and their Sisters. In the film, when Diamonds fails to let Andy submit to him, Andy sort of contempt his ignorance, so he ends up with world beaten. After the mobbing, when Diamonds returns to his cell, a captain guard Hadley clubs him to severe injury because he cannot save his tax without Andy.Eventually, Diamonds is transferred to another prison for serious injury, which gives the audiences some sort of a justice at the moment. In the book, however, Red describes Andy might bribe guards to gets rid of Bogs. Bogs Diamonds left off that summer, all at once. That was grotesque thing. Bogs was found in his cell, badly beaten, one morning in early June, when he didnt show up in the breakfast nose-count.He wouldnt say who had through with(p) it, or how they had gotten to him, but being in my business, I know that a screw can be bribed to do almost anything except get a gun for an inmate A guard could have been bribed real easy to let someone may be two or three someon es into the block, and, yes, even into Diamonds cell Im not saying it was Andy Dufresne, but I do know that he brought in five hundred dollars when he came, and he was a banker in the straight world- a man who understands better than the rest of us the ways in which money can become power. 35) Although this part in the book may be more realistic to the truth, if it was directly adapted into the movie, it would not have the same wallop to the audiences. There is a dramatic example of plot and dialogue change when Tommy Williams (Gil Bellows) is killed by Hadley on the Norton order. Williams is happened to tell Andy that the Elmo Blatch (Bill Bolender) is the guy who murdered his wife and her lover.Although Andy has a chance to get a new run with his testimony, Norton rather put him into the solitary, not giving him a chance for a new trial. In the meantime, Norton transfers Williams to the light warrantor prison in a different county for concealing the information that can give A ndy a new trial and release him. This is a dialogue that Norton and Andy have in Nortons office after Andy is done with a month of solitary stay that Norton ordered. It is because Andy mentioned a word obtuse to the attitude of Norton who does not take his chance of new trial. However, in the film, the sequence is a little bit transformed into a different place. In other words, this is not what happened to Williams. Norton tries to let him forget about his hope and chance of new trial and release. The similar dialogue scene in the book is shot at a solitary where Andy has already been served for a month in the movie.Even though Norton orders Hadley to shoot Willams at the prison yard when he does not notice it, he lies to Andy that he is killed because of his escape. Im sure by now you heard. monstrous thing. A man that young, less than a year ago trying to escape, broke Captain Hadleys heart to shoot him. Truly it did. We just have to put it behind us. Move on. This scene makes the audience harden their hatred for the warden and loathe brutality of his character more. Transformation of this part eventually strengthens the vicious character of Warden and Hadley, making the audience impossible to olfaction sympathy for them.This sequence in the film is significant because it leads Andy to feel extremely resentful, igniting him to escape whereas the dialogue in the book simply does not carry such an allusion of his escape at the moment. As the story towards the ending, there is more heart-twisting in the film than in the book, especially when the audiences make an assumption that Andy commits suicide. It is because Andy talks strangely, bringing up Mexico, Red is told Heywood gave Andy a length of rope, and a guard is walk of life up to look for Andy in the next morning roll call. Then, when the guard finds that Andy escaped, it almost feels like the incubus off.A MAN is meticulously stripping the old paint and varnish by hand, face dark with goggles and kerchief mask. Red appears b. g. , a distant figure walking out across the sand, wearing his showy suit and carrying his cheap bag. The man on the boat pauses. Turns slowly around. Red arrives with a smile as wide as the horizon. The other man raises his goggles and pulls down his mask. Andy, of course. They hug each other. Ending with a panorama view of the blue sky vast ocean, the audience is finally able to feel relieved and sharp for Andy and Red meeting up together.As other examples of plot changes, this scene is also never described in the book. At the end of the book, Red writes, like he says in the film, I hope the peaceable is as blue as it has been in my dreams. I hope. (107) In fact, the Pacific is only as blue as the reader thinks and as beautiful as Red expects it to be. In other words, the end of the novella makes the reader hope more that Red makes it to Zihautanejo and meets Andy, ending with I hope. This is absolutely what is gained in the film, but alienated in the book.Like many other films inspired by their original literary works, the film, The Shawshank Redemption, is also inspired by the novella, Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption written. Basically, the movie is based on the language of Stephen King, but through Frank Darabonts adaptation of the novella, we see the transformation from the language of words to the language of images in his film. As for the question earlier, what is gained and lost? in the process of this transformation, Darabont answers through his movie.His adaptation presents some changes that strengthen the movie without any digression from the original literary work. In fact, the overall essence of the story is described better by the movie. Elimination of unnecessary characters, alteration of the role of certain characters, and modification of certain plots and dialogues make it possible. As a matter of fact, notwithstanding these alterations, the differences between both works do not seem much disturbin g in terms of the story line after all. Maybe this is what Robert Altman means by Cinematic equivalents of literary material exhibit themselves in unexpected ways.

Themes of Incredibly Close and Extremely Loud Essay Example for Free

Themes of Incredibly Close and Extremely crummy EssayThere are many diametric themes in this novel but they both seem tie into one major theme which is loss and occlusion. The little themes would be family/friends, grief/mourning.Loss and closure is definitely the main theme in this book. Almost every character has lost any(prenominal)thing in some sort of way. For example Oskar has lost his father, Thomas has lost his graduation love Anna along with his unborn youngster which too survive to is cap fit of speech and the grandmother has lost her husband, parents, sister and her son. Not all of the characters in this book end up receiving closure but they all attempt to in different ways. They all spend their lives trying to find out why these things have happened which in return would help lead to closure.All the character deal with their loses differently. We see how different people react and how they mourn in different ways. Oskar deals with his grief by reliving a game he used to play with his father. Oskar mourns this way accept it will help him to stop missing his dad. Thomas mourns in a way that helps him connect to his first love Anna. *** he does this by marrying the grandmother and living with her. This helps him remember her and is his way of mourning. The grandmother finds her closure by Oskar. She loves him unconditionally with helps her deal with the grief of all the loves ones she has lost.Family is a theme that connects to all of this because we see how family can be a huge factor of dealing with losses. In the book family is seen in many different ways to help deal with this. Oskar helped to bring closure to his grandmother with all of he loses of loves ones. Oskars mother also helped Oskar on his journey to find closure with his father, without Oskars mother he would not have been able to do all that he need to deal with the grief of losing his father.

Similar Triangles Project Essay Example for Free

Similar Triangles Project EssayIntroductionIn this project, I found the bloom of an object I chose based on how tall one of my partners is, how far away she is from the reverberate, and how far the mirror was from the base of one of the objects. From there I set up a proportion and solved for X. X represented the unknown height of the chosen object. Once I figured this out I past converted to feet and comp atomic number 18d that to my partners height to see if it was a reasonable or realistic height. Two-Column ProofStatements Reasons The triangles are serious triangles GivenMr. Visser told us that we can assume this Triangles are similar If there exists a correspondence among the vertices of two triangles such that two angles of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding angles of the other, then the triangles are similar. ConclusionIn this project I learned that you can prove similarity in triangles horizontal if you dont know all of the angle measures and si de measures. I thought it was interesting how in all of my objects my estimation on ratios from Dannie to the object, were usually fairly close to what it actually was. I liked in this project how we got to chose the things that we measure so there is variability between each pigeonholings projects. One obstacle I ran into was the two column proof because at first I just couldnt think of how to start, then I just tried the first thing that came to mind, and it stop up helping.

Finance and Company Essay Example for Free

Finance and Company EssaySo Wrigley has to top decisions on whether or non to borrow $ 3 gazillion for recapitalization. Question Based on the preceding(prenominal) situation, there are few questions that arise as seen below ? Whether the recapitalization would be good for the phoners development in the long run? ? by and by borrowing $ 3 billion dollars what would the impact on the friendships debt rating be? ?Whats the impact on the telephoners component shelter would the recapitalization increase the phoners deal value? ?Whats the impact on the bon tons WACC, an increase or decrease? Would recapitalization increases the EPS of the company? Hypothesis Before capital restructuring due to not having any debt, return on capital and operating income as a percent of sales potbelly be used based on exhibit 2(it is $513,356/$2,429,646= 21%) which is the A to AA range of investment grade. After recapitalization, the companys debt rating pass on fall to a BB/B ra ting which reflects a higher(prenominal) risk and lower debt rating that will cause higher yields. According to Exhibit 7s given information, the yield is between BB (12. 753) to B (14. 663) to obtain a cost of debt. Impact on share valueIf the company chooses to re secure the stock, the WD will be 22. 89% (3,000,000/13,103,000), the WACC will be 10. 19% (22. 89% (1-40%)*13%+77. 1%*10. 9%). Both 10. 32% and 10. 19% are lower than the WACC before recapitalization, which indicates that afterward the recapitalization the company will have a lower minimum rate of return for the company that it inescapably to earn on its investments to maintain its wealth. Impact on Voting Control If the company is using the dividend mean to do capital restructuring, there will not be any impact on vote keep back.However, if the company is using the stock repurchase plan, it will have an influence on the voting control. The up-to-date Wrigley family ownership includes 21% of parking lot shares and 58% of B shares. The total numbers of shares outstanding for Wrigley consists of the sum of the common shares of 189. 8 million and class B shares of 42. 641 million (10 votes each), a total of 232,441 million shares. So the company will have 46. 6% ((189. 8*21%+426. 41*58%)/616. 21=46. 6%)voting control before recapitalization.After the recapitalization the voting control will increase to 49% (179. 22-42. 641)*21%+426. 41*58%/ (136. 58+426. 41) =49 Based on the above analysis, my suggestion is not to borrow $ 3 billion dollars, or if the company insists in doing a recapitalization I would suggest for them to not borrow as a great deal and to make some investment on assets instead of it all in equity. For the Wrigley Company I infer they should keep their debt below 50 percent.Because after recapitalization, it will have negative impacts on EPS, debt rating, share value and it has a slightly positive impact on WACC and voting control. The results of impact on EPS analysis shows that EPS will drop from $ 1. 61 to 0. 46 and, the debt/ assets ratio will be 169% which will increase the companys risks. From a debt rating aspect, after borrowing $ 3 billion dollars, the debt rating of the company will worsen from AA/A to BB/B which means that the company will have a higher interest rate, much interest expense and a lower credit rating in the future.This is not good for the companys future development. From a long term prospective, I believe its important that the company be careful in determining whether they should pursue a dividend or stock repurchase strategy. If the company chooses to use the $ 3 billion to pay dividends now, it might increase the investors satisfaction in the laconic run but once the dividend has been paid, the investor will expect the same amount of dividend in the future and a lower dividend might disappoint investors and that might affect the companys stock determine in the future.The stock repurchase is temporary as well, so after t he repurchase the ending stock price might drop and it may hurt a potential new investor who made a purchase during the repurchase period. All things considered as long as Wrigley keeps an eye on their long term goals and continues to sense of smell at the big picture whilst making good solid financial choices for their company they should be to the highest degree successful.

The India Model Essay Example for Free

The India Model EssayIndia is currently listed among the countries having orotund economies. In fact, India has the fourth highest growth rate following Japan. Indias economic success is not the intimacy that should be controln into account but the path or the form they have chosen is worth noticing. Instead of relying on the usual method of exporting low priced manufactured goods to West, India depended upon its local markets. India focused more(prenominal) on services and high tech industry which were the main keys to their economic success. As, the Indians focused more on their domestic markets they were not that influenced from the economic worldwide recession which affected many otherwise countries. One other remarkable thing ab start the model that India is following is the promotion of the entrepreneurs India is encouraging a healthy contention among the private companies that are being established in the country. India has always promoted economic activities by re moving trade barriers, cloggy tax rates, encouraging competition, eliminating state monopolies, and liberating industries.Indias current trend of growth is likely to continue and flat accelerate in the coming years. India started to develop rapidly in the era of Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi who apprehended the private area in the country which was previously suppressed. Indias condition enhanced a mussiness since the start of 1990s. Telecommunications has revolutionized, interest rates are lowered, infrastructure has been developed and a big amount of uppercase has been raised.Even though India has progressed a lot, developing from an agriculture economy to service based economy, it missed out on the industrial revolution which could have changed the lives of millions who are forced to live in poverty. The lack of attendance on industrial growth has made Indias middle step towards progress a short weak. This lacking is a result of bad policies set by earlier regimens. After I ndependence Nehru well-tried to bring a government guided Industrial revolution.Since he did not have trust on the private firms he gave powers to the public field, making it stronger. This step of his hampered all of the small scale industries, present in the country at that time, as they got helpless against the competition against mighty public sector. Since Nehrus era government had been neglecting small scale industries, but in the recent years steps has been taken to encourage these small industries. It is predicted that in future years India will develop strongly in the industrial sector also.There are several other things that the current government has to modify in the current India model to make India a more successful state. The government has to provide confidence to the entrepreneurs so that the industrial sector can boost. It has to provide them with low priced energy sources, cut down indirect taxes instead impose prim goods and services tax, designate economic zo nes which can reduce the regulatory burdens and abolish unjust labor laws. Indias success and glory lie in the hands of self confident and hardworking Indians.They are the ones who are dismission to determine Indias future. To conclude I would like to quote a famous face that, As you sow, so you shall reap. So whatever the government does today to secure the talent of these lifelike minds will surely pay off them in the long run, for preserving and nurturing these outstanding Indian minds government has to take some measure to provide them with quality education, proper shelter, food and water. Laying foundations today is definitely going to waive off the harsh times tomorrow.

Fitts and Posners Phases of Learning Essay Example for Free

Fitts and Posners Phases of Learning EssayDescribe Fitts and Posners phases of erudition and beg off how you would structure practises to enhance a arrangeanceIn this essay I result explain Fitts and Posners phases of learning and how I would structure practises to enhance performance.By practising a skill we seat forward become better. Fitts and Posner theories were that e rattling whizz has to go finished tips of learning, known as the cognitive, associable and independent constitutes of learning. Depending how good a person is at a special sport, they will fall divulge into a certain category. An guinea pig of this is Wayne Rovirtuosoy. At a young age he was introduced to football game and played amateur football from a young age, becoming one of the youngest strikers in football history.However by learning a skill in sport involves the development of skills by practice. An specimen of this is shooting practise you ground live only become good by practisin g to kick the ball in between goalposts. Until a person becomes confident enough that they tote up a goal, they will naturally fall into the next category.The three stages of learning can be divided into two main categories associationists and cognitivists. Associationists views learning of a sport as the consociate of particular stimulus and particular responses. Cognitivists see it as a assist of the brain, where we learn through the understanding and knowledge of the sport.There be 3 stages of learning according to Fitts and Posner. They argonCognitivevAssociativevAutonomousCognitiveThis is the initial stage of learning and is substantial if the learner is to process successful through the other stages and is to move a stage where the skill can be performed.The cognitive stage involves formation of a mental picture of a skill. The most in force(p) way is from a demonstration, which allows them to see the key requirements and to work through the performance mentally. Visual guidance is one of the best ways to make others understand, and so that the person learning can see the correct manner to perform the skill. They will then attempt to perform.Success rate is usually 2/3 out of 10. The cognitive stage initially concentrates more on the skill, rather than the game. There is a lack of tick off and consistency. Trial and error is also a key way to learn. Reinforcement of this can be by giving positive feedback.Questions will arise when learning skills of a sport if the skill is non justly learnt. The learner will be confronted with virtually precise specific, cognitively oriented problems. Examples of this are, How do I score? What is the aim of this game? If so, where are the positions for players? If the mental picture is non correct the skill will not develop. It is important that the train explains very thoroughly what is required of each athlete.AssociativeLearning at the associative stage path that the skill is becoming more consistent, b ut there are still whatever errors. The simple element of the skill has been grasped however the performer still refers back to the mental picture. The performer can begin to detect errors and begin to realise his/her mistakes. Feedback should kick upstairs a feeling of a well performed skill. This means that the performer will begin to enjoy the sport. Success rate is 5/7 out of 10. vocal guidance is essential as it is used in the associative stage.Some people never snuff it this phase. An example of this is a semi-professional shot-put thrower. Some performers return to the cognitive stage to refer to the mental image of the skill. Also, some professional players return from autonomous stage to the associative stage if they have an injury they posit to work hard and rise up to the expected standard of an autonomous performer.AutonomousLearning at the autonomous stage is where the skill is done without conscious thought. The movements of the performer are fluent, consistent a nd athletically pleasing. There is an advanced stage of learning where the elements of the skill have become part of long term memory and are mechanically produced in response to a an appropriate stimulus.The skill is automatic. The attention of the performer focuses on the next movement, for example tactics. Consistent practise is required to reinforce creation at the autonomous stage.Success rate is 9/10 out of 10. In lawn tennis for example a player would be able to perform a serve whilst contemplating what their opponent will do next, rather than being focusing on the practiced side of the serve.Not all performers reach the autonomous stage in all skills. For those who do, if practise is not maintained revision to the associative stage will occur. Closed skills such as throwing events can be finely tuned so that a high level of performance can be produced.Learning in its simplest form is the development of a position where we coin bank perform a skill to a stage where we can perform it.Knapp, 1973The quote means that learning is a more or less indissoluble change in performance brought about by experience. Knapp is suggesting that once something is learnt, it remains with us, thus supporting the narrationOnce you learn to ride a bike, you never forget.Learning in sport involves the development of skills through practice, hence the sayingPractice makes perfect.Fitts Posner recognised that as we learn, we do not move directly from cant to can. They suggest that the learning process is sequential we move through specific stages/phases as we learn.These stages are hierarchal, in other words each stage must be passed through in the first place the next one is achieved.Ivan Pavlov was a scientist who conducted experiments on the response of dogs. He taught them that when a bell was rung, the dogs would learn to understand that it was time to eat. These findings link into Fitts and Posners phases of learning because a particular response with a stimulus can give a long benefit to sports performances. This approach can be used to mentally prepare the athlete for the sport. The player whitethorn be taught switching into the zone whilst walking onto the pitch. However in order to achieve this, the player would need to gradually progress to that level of conditioned stimulus.In order to teach and improve somebodys skills at a sport, I would structure a 6 week Personal Exercise Programme (or pep). A PEP would help improve the skill of the performer, and help the learner to enhance their performance. This way the performer can interrogation to see how long it takes him to master one specific skill. As a trainer I would encourage the performer and give feedback and give a clear understanding to the performer what they are doing right and defame. Doing something wrong doesnt mean its negative feedback it would just acknowledge the performer on how to improve, becoming more successful. I would tell that the performer practices the skil l consistently and monitor any improvements in their ability.In a professional football match I would help keep the players to the standard that is required by making them do drills as a team. Warm-ups are essential as they prevent muscles getting damaged. I would also make authorized that the stamina of the players is always high this can be achieved by the Cooper run.In a tennis match the athlete must be able to complete a full match. There are no substitutions so the athletes stamina must be high. By hitting a ball for a long period of time every other turn there must be a large amount of upper body strength. In order to help the athlete achieve this, the coach should set the athlete material training such as sprints, press-up, sit-ups and bicep curls. Technique is needed when serving, volleying as being able to take for balance quickly is essential. An example of this is Andre Agassi.he focused more on physical conditioning than in the past and became one of the fittest playe rs on the tour. His upper-body strength allowed him to bench press 350 lb (159 kg), which helped him retain pace on his shots late into a match, as well as adding to his serve power. He had remarkable endurance and rarely appeared tired on court.Golf is a sport where the athlete has to be very concentrated on the game. Having a perfect technique allows one to compete to a high level. In order to help raise concentration levels the coach must remove all apprehension and put the athlete in a confident frame of mind. To help an athlete raise concentration before a game the coach could give the athlete a structured diet. Junk food will slow down the concentration rate. Tiger Woods had a bad putting strike so he went home and perfected it.Well, thats one of the worst putting weeks Ive had in a long time, very frustrating. When I get home I am going to practise until I get it right.References* in advance(p) P.E for Edexcel Heinemann* http//nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/pavl ov/readmore.html.* http//www.answers.com/topic/andre-agassi* http//www.asapsports.com/show_interview.php?id=410149

Insurance History Essay Example for Free

Insurance History EssaySome 2,000 years ago in Roman clock a form of action insurance was practiced by burial societies who paid away funeral cost of members funded by monthly contributions. It is thought that these were year to year arrangements but unfortunately there is non ample evidence remaining to be exact on how they operated. In Britain in the middle ages Trade Guilds provided funeral be to members in much the same way. The earliest life insurance policy in England was recorded as being effected on the 15th June 1583. The policy was on the life of a William Gybbons (a salter in the City of London) and was taken out by a Richard Martin. The premium was set at 8 per ascorbic acid pounds of benefit insured. Even at that early date it is of interest that when the policy ended in a claim there was dispute between the insurer and the policy holder over whether the policy should indemnify up. Luckily for Richard Martin he won the case and the insurer lost. In those day s life insurance policies where underwritten by individuals as opposed to insurance companies. It was excessively common practice for people to take out life policies on the rich and famous in the hope that they might benefit if that person died. We would have regarded it as a form of gabling.The first actual life insurance company was the Annuity Association founded by the Rev Dr Assheton on the 4th October 1699. Unfortunately this company only survived for 46 years before leaving bankrupt. Many life insurers were set up as mutual companies where ownership of the company was among the members of the life fund. The policies did not have fixed sums insured as they do today, but instead the fund would pay out what it could afford based on the number of people in the fund that died that year. Now we fag end be thankful that life insurance has developed since those days. Most policies offer fixed sum insured which can be up to very large amounts. There are a numerous number of insur ers all in all vying for your business. Not only are there pure protection policies but also those which are also linked to some form of investment factor. Life insurance law has grown up and this instant there are several layers of protection for the nave consumer. Whilst all these changes have been good for the consumer it also factor that the consumer needs to be more aware of what type of life policy they need and where best to leverage that cover. Choice is a wonderful commodity but you need to be able to make a wise selection.More recent changes have been in the growth of life insurers and life insuranceintermediaries who are using the internet as a place of business. Here costs can be controlled, wider markets searched at the click of a mouse and policies handled and concluded at a faster pace. Why not tag out what term life cover you could get by visiting http//www.protected.co.uk/ This article was written on the 15th February 2007.This article does not represent financi al advice as each persons individual requirements will be unique to their needs. If there is something in the article which you which to rely on then please check those expound with any person from whom you purchase a term life policy at the time of purchase.

Prose Study Coursework Essay Example for Free

Prose Study Coursework EssayIn chapters 13 and 14 of the novel Treasure Island, by means of uptake of different literary techniques such(prenominal) as animal imaginativeness, similes, metaphors, assonance and many more, Stevenson achieves a horse sentience of forethought as to what will happen later in the novel, dropping hints here and there. These chapters are important because the man of the Hispaniola, including Lon throne fluent and Jim Hawkins, have just landed on the island, and are about to set pip in search off the buried treasure. We chiffonier even c all in all for a sense of foretell from the island itself as it is seen to be gloomy and mysterious, and this does not bode well for the adventure ahead. We bum find forebode through the generators use of similes and metaphors in the chapters. Spires of naked rock, is a centering of saying the rocks are very portentous and imposing, as well as exposed. This is scary as just reading the exerpt creates a dark atmosphere, and it paves the way for the future of the novel. This is achieved by use of dark colourises, and naked implies that after Jim has escaped there is nowhere that he shag hide, because everyone grass see everything. This creates the effect on the reader of sadness, as they really feel for Jim, as he is trapped on the island with those monsters.Jim as well gives away hints towards the future events of Treasure Island when he says my heart sank when he realises what he has done in sneaking ashore with the pirates away from people he sees he can trust and this shows his disappointment. Jims downbeat mood portrays a bad effect to the reader, and they suck in to feel for Jim, as bad things plain loom later in the novel, for instance, the planned revolt of big John Silver, and how if successful, Jim and his comrades will be doomed, and Jims puzzle by the pirates. The quotation hung over the anchorage is employ to create a bad air and urinate idoliseful images i n your mind. Foreboding is shown because there is obviously a bad atmosphere on board, represent the planned mutiny of Long John Silver, and the secure hands on board are of manakin fretting over what to do.Clouds of birds conveys to the reader the image of a deep mass of birds, and when there is a lot of slightlything, peculiarly animals that are making lots of noise, can strike fear in to people. This can give us an insight into what may happen later because birds are serious at sensing danger, and quickly fly away if anything unsettles them. If they are very disturbed and are hanging over the ship, then surely the mutiny must be destined to happen, and the crew must have to face the wrath of Long John Silver.Through animal imagery we can absorb a sense of fear such as crawling on all fours when Jim is salutary Long John Silver and he is crouching when he has execute away from Silver and does not want to be seen. This shows us what may happen later in the novel because i t shows Jim is scared of Long John Silver and Silver is not really a very good person, and is planning bad things later in the novel. Agile as a monkey when used to describe Silver is showing him in a bad light, because he is deceiving everyone by hobbling around all over with his wooden leg, however, when he is out of view of the captain he is very quick and has lots of agility, which shows appearances can be deceptive and this confirms to us that he is planning a mutiny and new(prenominal) evil activities on the return leg of the journey, behind the other crew members backs.We can too produce a sense of foreboding by one of the good mens reactions when he is approach with Silver and does not to be heterogeneous in the mutiny. Like a horse at the spur shows the unconverted crew member faced with Long John is very startled by the scream, and he immediately suspects Long John Silver and wants to get away because he knows Long John is starting the process of whittling down the n umbers of good men on board to make the future mutiny much easier.Through the quotation crouching trees, when Jim is mazed in the woods, we get a sense that Jim is trapped and is enclosed by the trees which seem alive, which is a good example of personification. This creates a sense of what may happen in the future as everything so off the beaten track(predicate) has had a bad feeling about it, and it can only be a matter of clipping before something happens. Would not the first of them who saw me wring my neck like a snipes? Fear is created by the rhetorical question and the use of animal imagery, and we feel a sense of sorrow for Jims dire situation. It gives us a premonition that later in the novel if the pirates catch Jim he will be killed straightaway away.We can decipher what will happen in the immediate future of the novel when Stevenson says Silverwas watching his boyfriend like a snake about to spring. This shows Silver is a conniving, cunning creature, which will do a nything to get the treasure, even kill one of his own. As well as this, in the bible, snakes are seen as evil, such as in the Garden of Eden, and people were very religious back then. Also, we now know that tomcat will be killed sooner rather than later because snakes dont waste time, and once they have their target, they rarely fail, so this is a clever way of Robert Louis Stevenson building up to Long John Silver committing the murder.Fear imagery can be created using powerful adjectives and can also give us a solid sense of foreboding, through colours used, and words commonly associated with fear. In grey melancholy woods, and wild scar spires, the words grey and melancholy are commonly associated with apprehension, and we get a view to future events because the island in the readers mind is terrifying and forbidding, and Jim has to endure this to escape capture, however, bad images are everywhere, provoking the reader to imagine imposing things happening to Jim on the isle, such as his eventual capture by the pirates, and his life threatening invade with Israel Hands, in which, he is just successful. Through the citation the outline of the Spy-glass trembled through the haze, we get fear from trembled, because not only is it an imposing land mass, it also is surrounded by a mist, and appears to move.Jim knows he must hold close to this monster of a mountain if he is to succeed on his quest, and it means he has the evil, preoccupy pirates on one side, and a sinister peak in front, he is certain to encounter them on his travels, and the chances are, face the consequences. Then one horrid, long-drawn scream is an example of fear imagery because you can imagine a high pitched scream, and the reader sees him or herself in Jims position, alone on a desert island, and is also scared. The assonance of the oo and a slows down the action and gets us to feel and imagine the scream. This shows foreboding because the allies of Jims and his union are being whit tled down, and in the future there will be only a some remaining.The novel can also show us the imminent events through the use of assonance and consonance. vowel rhyme (the repeat of vowels) is given in should I dare to go down to the boats among those fiends, still smoking from their abuse? The way the o sound is repeated many times, and how the sentence flows off the tongue, gives a constant admonisher throughout the sentence of the fear that Jim faces, and the decisions he is required to make. In the future, does Jim return to the pirates in confide of a return to the ship, but face Silvers wrath, or does he journey on into the centre of the island in hope of survival, and we know that in the end, the hero Jim ends up in both of these positions, but the reader does not know this and is left guessing. To demonstrate the use of assonance, the sentence what if I returned to the boats and the fiends, still shadowed by their shames is nowhere near as effective, and creates only a pinch of the fear found in Stevensons actual work. Assonance is also found in a very obvious place. The o sound is repeated in Long John, which is terrifying, as we know he is a main subject who is also very evil, and it will be a constant reminder through the future of the novel as to his plans and his traits and the threat he poses. accordance (the repetition of consonants) can also be found frequently in chapters 13 and 14 and can show us foreboding. In only the rustle of the redescending birds and the boom of the distant surges disturbed the languor of the afternoon, the repetition of r gives the section of text a fear effect along with the good adjectives, because overall, it is speeded up, and creates more of a fast paced action. Also, the atmosphere is affected by the use of onomatopoeia in rustle and boom.Again, an insight is achieved as through the use of effective adjectives and consonance, we see that not all is well on Skeleton Island. Skeleton Island itself suggests fear, as skeletons are a symbol of death and forbidding, and you would be wise to stay away from them. Combining fear adjectives with consonance is also found in a smell ofrotting tree trunks. The use of an ellipsis shows that Jim is persuasion and he must recognise the smell from somewhere before. The repetition of r along with rotting creates a sense of fear of the trees, and this is also alliteration, and Jim and the reader begin to think that the island and everything on it must be convertible to the experiences here.Through repetition, Stevenson achieves fear, and allows the reader to generate a better image in their mind, as well as emphasising his point further. Of all the gloomy features of that gloomy afternoon, is an example of this. When the author/Jim repeats gloomy, it repeats the fact that the place is gloomy, which is an adjective commonly associated with darkness and fear, so it is stressing that everything is not going well. There is also time left in the day, and other bad things may happen, for instance, Jim running into a trap set by Long John Silver, or the good side being forced out of the stockade by the pirates, and this could just be the beginning. As well as all these things, the repetitions also create a sense of dj vu, and that people are going round in circles and they are lost, and all for the treasure, which is the main focus of the novel.Another literary technique that the author uses is alliteration. The sun still shining mercilessly. This is personification, and the consecutive letter s at the start of each word, along with an adjective that is connected with fear and evil created the illustration of the sun being evil, all seeing, and it seems to have deserted the good side, and just seems to be causing more heartache, as they lose the stockade, and the pirates get on the trail of the buried treasure.The overall theme of the chapters generates a sense of foreboding just by itself, because they are to do with pirates and a tr easure hunt, and everyone knows that this kind of story is almost certain to have twists and turns later. I also think Jim how Jim goes off by himself into the forest shows he is developing from a boy into a brave young man.Through the use of colours in his writing, Stevenson also creates both a sense of fear and foreboding. Long John Silver is an example of this because Silver is a shade of grey, which is a colour associated with grim things and fear, and it shows foreboding because, if a person is named like this, he must be a character that is planning, or will partake in evil things at some point in the novel. The author also uses black I black conscience to describe Lon g John, as he can kill all these people, and not have them on his mind for the rest of his life, and not feel guilty.In conclusion, I think that the literary techniques used in chapters 13 and 14, are very effective in showing how, or giving hints as to how events may unfold in the latter stages of the novel, as they get closer to the treasure and the race hots up. As I have shown earlier I in my essay, Robert Louis Stevenson uses a great variety of different methods to get his points across, and he is very clever in using some techniques and how they foreshadow events easy to find, however, some you have to search for, and rack your brain to understand how they show foreboding, such as the use of assonance and alliteration.Example, should I dare to go down to the boats among those fiends, still smoking from their crime? Yes, the excellent adjectives help create fear which in turn introduces foreboding, but I had to search for it. My net verdict is that Robert Louis Stevenson is an immensely clever writer, and the way he gets the reader to think is amazing, and through close oral communication analysis, we can see that chapters 13 and 14 are very clear in predicting character nurture and how events will pan out in the novel.

Police and the Use of Excessive Force Essay Example for Free

natural law and the Use of Excessive Force EssayThe use of excessive draw in by practice of law organizations around the world as a crime control mechanism has been astray criticized and debated for many years. Many ask, what exactly is excessive long suit? What causes an officer to use excessive force and is it reassert? There is much am mammothuity when it comes to answering such questions. Your perception will undoubtedly create your vista and too many multiplication unrivaleds failure to acknowledge, the some other side of the story, causes a misperception. How big of a role do the media play in portraying police use of excessive force as fair or unnecessary? These are all valid questions that will be turn to in this analysis as well as what is being done to address the slip. We begin with the description of excessive force as provided by the International Association of Chiefs of guard, excessive force is the amount of causa required by police to compel compl iance by an unwilling suspect (Police use of Force, 2009). That is, police will turn to excessive force when an soul has been uncooperative. Some argue that the polices more or less defining feature is their capacity to use coercive force (Katz Walker, 2008).Police use of force may include physical force as well as the power to enlistment, but most significantly the power to use deadly force. It is important to keep in mind that in that location are laws forget me drug in place to limit the amount of force an officer uses, including excessive force. Such laws have allowed for bust policing practices and an improved police/community relationship. Although police use of excessive force still originates from time to time, the bite of incidents has dropped dramatically over the years. According to a study done in the years 1999 and 2000 of calls for service, force was utilise by police in less than one percent of the calls (Police use of Force, 2009). In actuality, the police strike down most of their shift serving their community as peacekeepers aswell as helping others. So what drives a sworn police officer to use excessive force? The answer to this question is non a simple one, and rightfully so. Some argue that discrimination, stereotyping and the environment in which an officer may guard can contribute to the use of excessive force. People call the police because they want an officer to nail down a problem to arrest someone, to get someone to calm down, or to have someone take from the home (Katz Walker, 2008).In other words, police are constantly put in volatile situations where the batch they are dealing with can become a danger to the officer who is responding to a call and thither is no telling what someone might do at any given moment. Often times when an officer has been dispatched to a scene, particularly an altercation, tempers are already flaring and what would normally be a situation calling for a simple mediation performed by the officer can easily escalate to the citizen resisting arrest for fear of going to jail, not knowing that the police is just trying to calm down the individual in order to assist with the situation more accurately. Situations like these are all too jet and police can feel very much unappreciated and a sense of disrespect on behalf of those they serve. This frustration often times lead to a small number of officers easily losing their temper when confronting citizens in future instances. It must be pointed out that such instances are rare, but still do arise from time to time. As a retired police lieutenant reflecting on his career put it, The majority of cops were good, hardworking, scrupulous individuals.They cared, and they wanted to do a good job. But there were enough copsnot one malodorous apple, but several rotten applesto give law enforcement the taint it had received ((Retired), 2000). The media, which include movies, television shows, and youthfuls show organizations, ha ve a lot of power when it comes to portraying the police as good or evil. disposed(p) the considerable ambiguity that surrounds the issue, whether police use of force is presented as police brutality and whether brutality is mute as a problem depend greatly upon which voices and views the media emphasize (Lawrence, 2000). It is the media who determine what the general public learns nigh street cops daily experience with criminals and the underclass, as well as what the middle-class public learns about other groups experiences with police (Lawrence, 2000). A perfect example is the famous reality television program, Cops, where camera crewsparticipate in ride-along assignments and capture real life drama from the police officers viewpoint. News headlines are one of the most, if not the most, influential media forms influencing public opinion and attitude towards law enforcement.As the lawyer for a Miami policeman acquitted in the shooting death of a black motorcyclistan acquittal t hat touched off old age of riotingindignantly told reporters, If the headlines read, Twice-convicted drug dealer shot while trying to run over officer, there wouldnt have been any riots (Lawrence, 2000). So the question arises, what is being done to address the situation with police use of excessive force? History has shown that policing systems and strategies can and do change. One way the situation has been dealt with in recent years is with the creation of local citizen oversight groups where complaints by citizens are reviewed to determine whether the action interpreted by the officer towards the individual filing the complaint was caused by a lack of policy, or a bad policy, on behalf of the police department in which case a recommendation for a new policy is sent to the department.Another way that police departments are dealing with the situation is by upgrade video recorders on patrol cars as well as working with the local media and using them as a way of checks and balances . There is also the case for higher education for police officers. The subject affair of higher education as a requirement for police officers is a hot debate proceeds today. Study has shown that higher educated cops receive fewer complaints than those with less education (Victor E. Kappeler, 1992).Works Cited(Retired), L. A. (2000). From the Inside flavor Out. In J. Nelson, Police Brutality (p. 265). New York Norton. Katz, C. M., Walker, S. (2008). The Police In America. New York McGraw-Hill. Lawrence, R. G. (2000). The Politics of Force. Los Angeles University of California Press. Police use of Force. (2009, August 04). Retrieved March 19, 2010, from National Institute of Justice web site http//www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/topics/law-enforcement/use-of-force/welcome.htmnote1 Victor E. Kappeler, D. C. (1992). Police Officer Higher Education, Citizen Complaints, and Departmental Rule Violation. American Journal of Police , 37-54.